AFRICA

After Asia, Africa is the second-largest and most populous continent. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez to the northeast, and the Red Sea to the northeast, covering 20% of Earth’s landmass.

Africa borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Red Sea and Indian Ocean to the northeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. These waterways have shaped the continent’s climate, culture, and trade.

Africa has 54 countries and 9 dependent territories and over 1.48 billion people. Geographically, historically, and culturally, the continent is rich. An estimated 2,000 languages are spoken there. Most Africans are poor, and most countries obtained independence in the 1950s and 1960s after World War II. Algeria is the continent’s largest and Nigeria its most populous.

Ethiopia has thousands of years of history, making it one of the oldest nations. It is known for its ancient civilizations, such as the Aksumite Empire, and cultural and historical significance. Africa is known as the “cradle of humankind,” where hominids and modern humans evolved.

The youngest African nation, South Sudan, obtained independence from Sudan in 2011. With various ethnic groupings and abundant natural resources, South Sudan has immense promise despite its limitations.

African heights range from the low-lying Sahara Desert to the high Rwenzori Mountains. Africa’s tallest peak is Mount Kilimanjaro at 19,341 feet (5,895 meters).